SL Helicopter Flying Handbook/Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards - Revision history

Kelly: /* Dual-Engine Failure */

2021-10-23T23:14:22Z

‎Dual-Engine Failure

Kelly: /* Single-Engine Failure */

2021-10-23T23:11:37Z

‎Single-Engine Failure

Kelly: /* Hydraulic Failure */

2021-10-23T23:05:13Z

‎Hydraulic Failure

Kelly: /* Governor or Fuel Control Failure */

2021-10-23T22:26:34Z

‎Governor or Fuel Control Failure

Kelly: /* Governor or Fuel Control Failure */

2021-09-07T03:11:26Z

‎Governor or Fuel Control Failure

Kelly: /* Main Drive Shaft or Clutch Failure */

2021-09-06T13:29:19Z

‎Main Drive Shaft or Clutch Failure

Kelly: /* Anti-Torque System Failure */

2021-09-06T13:25:30Z

‎Anti-Torque System Failure

Kelly: /* Anti-Torque System Failure */

2021-09-06T13:24:49Z

‎Anti-Torque System Failure

Kelly: /* Practicing Hovering Autorotations */

2021-09-06T13:23:11Z

‎Practicing Hovering Autorotations

Kelly: /* Anti-Torque System Failure */

2021-09-06T13:22:21Z

‎Anti-Torque System Failure

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:14, 23 October 2021
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	==== Dual-Engine Failure ====		==== Dual-Engine Failure ====
		+
		+	A dual engine failure results in conditions that are similar to engine failure in single-engine helicopters. The pilot must immediately enter an autorotation and select a suitable landing location. Pilots of multi-engine helicopters should avoid becoming complacent about having two engines as common-mode failures such as misfuelling can sometimes lead to dual engine failures.

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:11, 23 October 2021
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	==== Single-Engine Failure ====		==== Single-Engine Failure ====
		+
		+	A single engine failure in a dual-engine helicopter is often a non-event if handled properly. It is often possible to continue flight on the remaining engine to a suitable landing area. Pilots should refer to the helicopter flight manual for any airspeed or other restrictions that mat apply under single-engine flight.
		+
		+	The most critical aspect of handling a single-engine failure is ensuring the pilot correctly identifies and shuts down the failed engine. Shutting down the wrong engine is likely to end in disaster. Unlike most multi-engine airplanes, there is no telltale yaw to indicate the failed engine. The pilot must use the engine instruments looking for a loss of torque or RPM.

	==== Dual-Engine Failure ====		==== Dual-Engine Failure ====

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:05, 23 October 2021
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	==== Hydraulic Failure ====		==== Hydraulic Failure ====
		+
		+	Many helicopters use a hydraulic assist system to reduce the flight control forces necessary to operate the aircraft. The hydraulic system is typically comprised of servos on each flight control, a pump (usually driven by the transmission), and a reservoir. A switch in the cockpit can be used to turn the system on or off. Furthermore, in some aircraft, there may be multiple redundant hydraulic systems.
		+
		+	When a hydraulic system fails, the forces necessary to control the aircraft will be greatly increased. The pilot should identify the affected system or systems and first try to restart it, and if not possible, shut down the affected system(s). Control inputs without hydraulic assist should be made as gradually as possible, and a shallow run-on landing is recommended.

	=== Multi-Engine Emergency Operations ===		=== Multi-Engine Emergency Operations ===

@@ Line 134: / Line 134: @@
 ==== Governor or Fuel Control Failure ====
-The purpose of the governor or fuel controller is to regulate engine power so as to maintain a constant RPM.  When the governor or fuel flow fails,
+The purpose of the governor or fuel controller is to regulate engine power so as to maintain a constant RPM.  When the governor or fuel flow fails, automatic adjustment of the throttle will be inoperative, and manually control will be necessary.  In general, manually throttle changes will be necessary when the collective changes.  For this reason, any collective changes should be made as slowly as possible to reduce workload on the pilot.  See the flight model for your specific version to see the procedures for manual throttle adjustment.
 ==== Hydraulic Failure ====

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:11, 7 September 2021
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	==== Governor or Fuel Control Failure ====		==== Governor or Fuel Control Failure ====
		+
		+	The purpose of the governor or fuel controller is to regulate engine power so as to maintain a constant RPM. When the governor or fuel flow fails,

	==== Hydraulic Failure ====		==== Hydraulic Failure ====

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:29, 6 September 2021
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	==== Main Drive Shaft or Clutch Failure ====		==== Main Drive Shaft or Clutch Failure ====
		+
		+	The failure of the main drive shaft or clutch, will have a similar effect to an engine failure. The pilot should immediately enter an autorotation. However, depending on the type of failure, it is also possible for the engine to overspeed. Once safely established in an autorotation, the pilot should then reduce the engine to idle to prevent any additional damage.

	==== Governor or Fuel Control Failure ====		==== Governor or Fuel Control Failure ====

@@ Line 124: / Line 124: @@
 The anti-torque system, usually a tail rotor, applies a torque to oppose the torque generated by the main rotor system.  If the tail rotor fails in flight either through direct damage to the blades, or damage to the gearboxes that drive the tail rotor, the helicopter will yaw in the direction of the torque (usually to the right). This may make the helicopter difficult to control.
-When such a failure occurs in cruise flight, the pilot should enter an autorotation and apply cyclic to maintain the normal autorotation speed for the aircraft (generally around 60 knots).  Entering an autorotation will eliminate the torque from the main rotor and stop the spin.  Maintaining forward speed will allow weather-cock stability to keep the aircraft oriented in the direction for forward movement.
+When such a failure occurs in cruise flight, the pilot should enter an autorotation (see [[SL_Helicopter_Flying_Handbook/Helicopter_Emergencies_and_Hazards#Autorotations|Autorotations]]) and apply cyclic to maintain the normal autorotation speed for the aircraft (generally around 60 knots).  Entering an autorotation will eliminate the torque from the main rotor and stop the spin.  Maintaining forward speed will allow weather-cock stability to keep the aircraft oriented in the direction for forward movement.
 When a tail rotor failure occurs in a hover, the pilot should quickly roll the throttle to idle, then perform a hovering autorotation (see [[SL_Helicopter_Flying_Handbook/Helicopter_Emergencies_and_Hazards#Autorotations_from_a_Hover|Hovering Autorotations]]).  Idling the engine will remove the torque and allow a normal hovering autorotation to be performed.

@@ Line 126: / Line 126: @@
 When such a failure occurs in cruise flight, the pilot should enter an autorotation and apply cyclic to maintain the normal autorotation speed for the aircraft (generally around 60 knots).  Entering an autorotation will eliminate the torque from the main rotor and stop the spin.  Maintaining forward speed will allow weather-cock stability to keep the aircraft oriented in the direction for forward movement.
-When a tail rotor failure occurs in a hover, the pilot should quickly roll the throttle to idle, then perform a hovering autorotation.  Idling the engine will remove the torque and allow a normal hovering autorotation to be performed.
+When a tail rotor failure occurs in a hover, the pilot should quickly roll the throttle to idle, then perform a hovering autorotation (see [[SL_Helicopter_Flying_Handbook/Helicopter_Emergencies_and_Hazards#Autorotations_from_a_Hover|Hovering Autorotations]]).  Idling the engine will remove the torque and allow a normal hovering autorotation to be performed.
 ==== Main Drive Shaft or Clutch Failure ====

@@ Line 69: / Line 69: @@
 #Failure to lower collective after touchdown to prevent rotor damage
-==== Practicing Hovering Autorotations ====
+===== Practicing Hovering Autorotations =====
 Practice hovering autorotations from a medium height hover. The apply the following procedures:
 #Click the "idle lock" button on HUD to lock throttle in idle position.