SL Helicopter Flying Handbook/Advanced Flight Maneuvers - Revision history

Kelly: /* Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations */

2021-08-20T23:21:54Z

‎Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations

Kelly: /* Confined Area Operations */

2021-08-20T22:43:50Z

‎Confined Area Operations

Kelly: /* Confined Area Operations */

2021-08-20T22:43:35Z

‎Confined Area Operations

Kelly: /* Confined Area Operations */

2021-08-20T22:41:04Z

‎Confined Area Operations

Kelly: /* Confined Area Operations */

2021-08-20T22:38:44Z

‎Confined Area Operations

Kelly: /* Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations */

2021-08-20T03:19:10Z

‎Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations

Kelly: /* Confined Area Operations */

2021-08-20T03:05:03Z

‎Confined Area Operations

Kelly: /* Slope Landings */

2021-08-20T03:04:10Z

‎Slope Landings

Kelly: /* Slope Landings */

2021-08-20T03:02:06Z

‎Slope Landings

Kelly: /* Slope Landings */

2021-08-20T02:55:53Z

‎Slope Landings

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:21, 20 August 2021
Line 151:		Line 151:

	=== Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations ===		=== Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations ===
		+
		+	A pinnacle is an area that drops away rapidly on all sides. A ridgeline is an area that drops away rapidly on one more more sides. As always, takeoff and landings should be performed into the wind when possible, but there are several additional considerations.
		+
		+	==== Landings ====
		+
		+	Since the pinnacle or ridgeline is higher than the surrounding area, it can be more difficult to judge your groundspeed on approach. Additionally, once pass below ETL, the pilot must sure they have enough speed and momentum to carry the helicopter to the landing site. When possible, land along the longest dimension of the pinnacle and aim for the far end. When the pinnacle is a man-made structure such as a helipad, ensure that the tail rotor is not intruding on the path along which personnel will be approaching the aircraft.
		+
		+	After touchdown, the pilot should also perform a stability check to make sure the helicopter is firmly on the landing site. Lower the collective slowly, and watch for any movement of the helicopter. If movement is detected, pick up the helicopter and reposition to a different location.
		+
		+	==== Take-Offs ====
		+
		+	When departing a pinnacle, quickly gaining airspeed should be favored over altitude. Since ground effect will be lost as soon as you clear the pinnacle, there can be a tendency for the helicopter to drop if airspeed is not gained quickly enough. This can result in a tail rotor strike if the pilot is not careful. This risk increases greatly when a downwind departure is attempted.

@@ Line 143: / Line 143: @@
 When departing, try to depart from the most downwind edge of the area along the departure path.  This will maximize the distance before reaching any obstacles to be cleared.  You can use maximum performance takeoff techniques as well.
-'''Common Errors'
+'''Common Errors'''
 #Failure to perform proper high and low reconnaissance.
 #Approach that is too steep or too shallow for the conditions

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:43, 20 August 2021
Line 142:		Line 142:

	When departing, try to depart from the most downwind edge of the area along the departure path. This will maximize the distance before reaching any obstacles to be cleared. You can use maximum performance takeoff techniques as well.		When departing, try to depart from the most downwind edge of the area along the departure path. This will maximize the distance before reaching any obstacles to be cleared. You can use maximum performance takeoff techniques as well.
		+
		+	'''Common Errors'
		+	#Failure to perform proper high and low reconnaissance.
		+	#Approach that is too steep or too shallow for the conditions
		+	#Failing to maintain RPM
		+	#Failure to consider alternative emergency landing sites
		+	#Failure to maintain safe clearance from obstacles

	=== Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations ===		=== Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations ===

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:41, 20 August 2021
Line 140:		Line 140:

	Many of the elements of confined area operations have been discussed earlier in this section. When landing, begin with a high reconnaissance to survey the area and evaluate its suitability. After determining an approach path, continue with a low reconnaissance on the approach which will often be a steep approach. Try to select an approach path that is into the wind and choose the far end of the field as your planned touchdown point to maximize the obstacle clearance on the approach.		Many of the elements of confined area operations have been discussed earlier in this section. When landing, begin with a high reconnaissance to survey the area and evaluate its suitability. After determining an approach path, continue with a low reconnaissance on the approach which will often be a steep approach. Try to select an approach path that is into the wind and choose the far end of the field as your planned touchdown point to maximize the obstacle clearance on the approach.
		+
		+	When departing, try to depart from the most downwind edge of the area along the departure path. This will maximize the distance before reaching any obstacles to be cleared. You can use maximum performance takeoff techniques as well.

	=== Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations ===		=== Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations ===

@@ Line 137: / Line 137: @@
 === Confined Area Operations ===
-A confined area is an area in which portions of the approach are obstructed to to terrain or obstacles in the vicinity.  This could be a clearing in the woods, or an urban area with buildings.
+A confined area is an area in which portions of the approach are obstructed to to terrain or obstacles in the vicinity.  This could be a clearing in the woods, or an urban area with buildings.  It is the responsibility of the pilot to evaluate the safety of an area before landing.  The pilot should consider the suitability of the terrain, any obstacles in the vicinity, wind direction, and suitable approach and departure paths. Also keep in mind it is often possible to land in a location from which a safe departure cannot be made.  Be sure you will be able to depart again before landing in an area.
 === Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations ===

@@ Line 134: / Line 134: @@
 #Using too much, or not enough sideways cyclic toward the slope
 #Failing to abort the maneuver if the slope is too steep
 === Pinnacle and Ridgeline Operations ===